ࡱ> EGF#` bjbjmm (4km   8: $^ &~ ~ 4 ACCCCCC$hPg "  g |   A A r d -0=1v,TDEggX     d  bվ Statement on Genetically Modified Organisms The positive opportunities and potential negative impact of GMOs continue to be studied by the scientific community Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) are organisms that have genes (DNA) from unrelated species in their cells. Sophisticated technologies and many trials are required to move a gene from one species to another, but the resulting novel organisms have traits that are economically important. The stated goals of companies developing GMOs are to address the issues of feeding a growing world population, decreasing food costs, reducing the susceptibility of crops to disease and pests, strengthening the resilience of crops against the scarcity of water, among other benefits. Most of these goals have not yet been met, and all major GMOs currently in the market were developed to decrease costs of production or reduce risks to farmers. Most of the corn (maize), soybeans, and cotton plants grown in the United States are GMOs with traits that confer tolerance to herbicides or resistance to insects. Companies are also working to develop crops that produce pharmaceutical substances (proteins, vaccines, and antibodies) and industrial chemicals (enzymes, proteins, and lubricants). As with many new technologies, some people are concerned about risks posed by GMOs and their novel traits. Many ecological and environmental risks of growing GMO crops are known (e.g., potential for increased weediness, potential for increasing pesticide resistantinsects and plants, impacts to non-target beneficial organisms, and gene exchange from crops to wild relatives). Agriculture and research with GMOs is regulated by the USDA and EPA to mitigate these risks. Health and environmental risks of GMO crops currently in production have been tested and were approved for use. Continuing testing is necessary, both on current crops and crops being considered for introduction. The bվ advocates careful case-by-case evaluation of GMO introductions to avoid risks to natural habitats, native plant communities, and rare and threatened species.     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